Of course, nigerias independence meant it had to try to unify the nation, which proved difficult due to its extreme diversity in languages, religion, culture and politics. Apr 04, 2009 military rule is when a countrys system of government becomes unruly and the military steps in to set discipline and order back into place. Military politicians in power from january 15, 1966 until 1999 destroyed nigerias economy, ruined the currency, desecrated the civil service which was the best on the continent then and killed. Below are the merits and advantages of military rule in nigeria. Opposition to gowon s rule grew, and in 1975 obasanjo, along with murtala muhammed, led a bloodless coup that overthrew him. Essays on advantages and disadvantages of military rule in. Indirect rule in nigeria overview, reasons and results. This inherent african character of tribal ism that is so much imbedded in local culture is a potentially explosive social phenomenon that was later to cause civil war in nigeria. Military rule are noted for violating fundamental human rights. The advantages and disadvantages of the colonialism history essay.
Thailand experienced a military coup two years ago and just voted for a militarybacked constitution. Nigeria is a federal republic composed of 36 states, and a capital territory, with an elected president and a bicameral legislature. It only takes a group of tactical soldiers to dethrone and enthrone another head of state. Remote work advice from the largest allremote company. What are the disadvantages of military power in terms of war. Advantages and disadvantages of military rule in nigeria search. Lets take a closer look at this phenomenon and the disadvantages of military rule in nigeria. There are arguably few advantages and more disadvantages of military dictatorship governments, with advantages including the possible deposition of a prior, ineffective government and disadvantages including a totalitarian and oppressive government whose authority derives from military power and intimidation rather than democratic choice of the people. The rule of law is an important contribution of the british constitution. Although the bloody massacre during the military regime in nigeria remains on the minds of those who were there and it triggers the minds of those who now read about such issues in the history of nigeria.
Nigeria today is seemingly democratic with there having been no military coups since 1999, however the decades under military rule have had a resounding impact on the nation with all todays 36 states created by the military and there still being a considerable military influence evident. After the leader of the current military rule died, another military. Nigeria became a republic once again after a new constitution was. The military rules by force and not by the will of the people. The involvement of the military in african politics has most often been compelled by the lack of good governance, corruption, the suppression of opposition and to an extent the lack of a. Military rule in nigeria comes with a lot of disadvantage that cant be overlooked. Advantages of military rule in nigeria nigerian infopedia. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a military. Violation of human right is at its greatest during the military era in nigeria. Since gaining independence in 1960, it has faced numerous regime changes. Military rule is when a countrys system of government becomes unruly and the military steps in to set discipline and order back into place.
Pdf the impact of military rule on democracy in nigeria. Unfortunately the military struck in january 16 1966 and ruled the country for over 30 years. Doc the merits and demerits that lie within the military. Pdf the six year mistakes of the first republic politicians invited the. Nigeria has therefore been governed for a longer period over thirty years of her independence by the military. Military rule in nigeria westafrican constitutional.
Imagine waking up one early only to discover some tactical. One of the disadvantages of indirect rule is that some of the african chiefs became authoritarian in their approach to local governance. The military succeeded in the aspect of creating new states and local councils. Military coups in africathe african neocolonialism. Thailand experienced a military coup two years ago and just voted for a military backed constitution. The first military coup in nigeria took place on january 15, 1966. The nigerian army is another excolonial institution and has an officer corps with a social ideology identical to that of the senior. Nigerias traditional agricultural based economy was abandoned and the country became extremely dependent on exports of oil, which due to frequent fluctuations in oil prices led to an unstable economy. The disadvantage comes with the measure of that power. The coup was led by major chukwuma nzeogwu and other majors in the army. Nov 30, 2016 military rule and the republic of biafra. Military rule is seldom for the good of the people. What are the advantages of military rule in nigeria.
Nigeria first became a republic in 1963, but succumbed to military rule three years later after a bloody coup detat. A separatist movement later formed the republic of biafra in 1967, leading to the threeyear nigerian civil war. Nigeria was colonized by britain around the end of the 19th century well into the 20th century and this has had immense effects on the country. The following is a list of the military presidents that ruled nigeria in the past. An essay summary summary a state is a territorial political community for which there is an independent organised government. Federal character and management of the federal civil.
Aguiyiironsi january 16, 1966 july 29, 1966 general yakubu gowon august 2, 1966 july 29, 1975 general murtala mohammed july 29, 1975 february, 1976 general olusegun obasanjo. Theres no need saying it, civilian rule is better than military rule. The three services of the nigerian armed forces, notably, army, navy and air. The prolonged military rule in nigeria has caused a lot of negative effects. Essays on advantages and disadvantages of military rule in nigeria. The impact of military rule on democracy in nigeria. It means that in the eyes of the law all persons, whether big or small, the highest government official or ordinary citizen, a big capitalist or a poor man, are equal. Sociopolitical effect of military rule in nigeria in most developing countries, there is a disruption of the civilmilitary equilibrium usually assumed in liberal democracies. Sierra leone the gambia liberia causes, effects and various military regimes. Oct 10, 2016 nigerias first military junta began following the 1966 nigerian coup detat which overthrew prime minister alhaji sir abubakar tafawa balewa. Weaknesses of military regime in nigeria passnownow. Some benefits may be that, it restores order and structure, while the biggest disadvantages may be there may be no checks and balances and people in charge become to powerful to quickly, leading to more corrupt policies. To president muhammadu buhari and the nigerian government. The military took over the machineries of government in.
In 1974, the nigerian head of state, general yakubu gowon, declared that a return to civilian rule would be postponed indefinitely. It is a matter of the gravest consequence that in nigeria, the military has no welldefined mission. Nigeria sierra leone the gambia liberia formation, objectives, sources of finance, achievements and failures 16. Sociopolitical effect of military rule in nigeria essay. Civil rights, in fact basic human rights are often none existent under military rule. Military rule in nigeria first started on january 15, 1966, when a group or army officers overthrew the npcnndp government thereby overthrowing sir ahmadu bello. Apr, 20 sociopolitical effect of military rule in nigeria in most developing countries, there is a disruption of the civil military equilibrium usually assumed in liberal democracies. When the wai was extended to journalists and others not responsible for the social. These fluctuations in stable governance have both positively and negatively affected the livelihood of the nigerian people. The effects of military governance in nigeria essay bartleby. The nigerias fourth republic democracy is rule by the minority through alienation. Military rule in nigeria first started on january 15, 1966, when a group or army officers overthrew the npcnndp government and killed many of the countrys.
No respect for the rule of law since the military is conducted without a constitution. The father of indirect rule in nigeria is frederick lugard who instituted a system in northern nigeria whereby external, military, and tax control was operated by the british, while every other aspect of life was left to local prebritish aristocracies who may have sided with the british during or after their conquest. The problems of nation building in nigeria, most of which are congenital, dating to the birth of the. What are the disadvantages of military rule in nigeria. Nigeria and the ruins of military rule the guardian. A military coup is the violent or nonviolent overthrow of an existing political regime by the military. Military regimes and nation building in nigeria, 19661999. The nigerian case this case study attempted to examine political processes under military rule in nigeria. A year later, the next military coup took over and promised a return to civilian rule. Military regimes are sometimes replaced by a new version of the same type of regime, as in nigeria in. Advantages and disadvantages of indirect rule westafrican.
The regime declared a war against indiscipline wai, which resulted in the arrest, detention, and jailing of a number of politicians. The political situation in nigeria, then under military rule, continued to be unstable. Nigeria is an oilrich state located in the eastern part of african. Disadvantages of military rule in nigeria nigerian infopedia. We use cookies to give you a better experience, if thats ok you can close this message and carry on browsing. A very good example of where such situation has caused many changes is nigeria. Their perception of the military government is crucial. Below are the demerits disadvantages of military rule in nigeria it had been ascertained that there were few advantages attributed to military rule in nigeria.
Free essays on advantages and disadvantages of military rule. Eventually, there were so many riots that a military coup occurred in 1966. British colonialism in nigeria by farida aboulezz on prezi. Since then, military rule has been a recurring phenomenon in nigeria. In several developing countries, however, the military has not only. An educational system that competed with the worlds most effective. Federal character and management of the federal civil service and the military ladipo adamolekun. Buhari justified his coup and subsequent actions by citing the troubles of the second republic and the declining economy. Nigeria and the ruins of military rule the guardian nigeria. Affects on society in england the magna carta had many effects on the society in england.
Advantages and disadvantages of indirect rule west. Explain 3 methods of adr and the advantages and disadvantages of each. Free essays on advantages and disadvantages of military rule in nigeria. Nigeria became an independent country in october 1 st 1960 after about a century occupation by the british colonial masters. The africans viewed the british with so much suspicion. Militaryrule continued till 1979 when the then head of state, general olusegun obasanjo handed over power to the civilian government of president shehu shagari. It is instructive to note that the era of military rule can only end with good governance. Aug 26, 2014 the military rules by force and not by the will of the people. Military rule in nigeria comes with a lot of disadvantage that. Military, politics and public administration in nigeria. History of military rule in nigeria pdf summary yes, i know youd want to keep this for offline use, so weve created the military rule in nigeria pdf file. All san introduction there is no gainsaying the fact that the famous doctrine or principle of separation. Pdf from military rule to constitutional government. Military rule in nigeria first started on january 15, 1966, when a group or army officers overthrew the npcnndp government and killed many of the countrys political rulers.
Why military rule should be discouraged in african politics. Military rule is not open and inclusive, but rather it is restrictive. It is interesting that the present day president of nigeria, majorgeneral muhammadu. Verdict on the advantages and disadvantages of democracy the right to vote is a consequence, not a primary cause, of a free social system, said ayn rand, and its value depends on the constitutional structure implementing and strictly delimiting the voters power. The advantages and disadvantages of the colonialism.
Measures that could be taken to prevent military intervention in nigeria. Not all transitions actually lead to civilian rule, of course. Indirect rule in nigeria definition, features, advantages. Might the military coup actually benefit the country. Law explain 3 methods of adr and the advantages and disadvantages of each.
Advantages, impact or achievements of military rule in nigeria to be honest we cant rule out the fact that everything that as a disadvantage also as its advantages. During the military rule, from 1966 until 1999, nigerias economy was ruined, nigerian civil service which was the best in africa was destroyed. Between 1966 and 1999 the army held power in nigeria without interruption apart from a shortlived return to democracy between 19791983. Forget all those talks of it been the most disciplined and they provided the infrastructures we enjoy today. Oct 29, 2009 the military rules by force and not by the will of the people. The decline began during 33 years of military dictatorship that took a serious toll on professionalism, operational effectiveness and. This can be seen from recent happening in countries like north korea where military rule is practiced to far back in history when the military high handedly ruled nigeria. The practice of indirect rule brought an end to this suspicion or brought it drastically down. The six year mistakes of the first republic politicians invited the military to interfere in governance after more than a total of six decades of colonial misrule rodney, 1974. Doc the merits and demerits that lie within the military system. It should be noted that the system was partially successful in the western part of nigeria due to the check and balance system that existed in their precolonial political system later on, educated nigerian elites began to oppose the indirect rule for some reasons. Major general johnson aguiyiironsi was made the head of the federal military government of nigeria, but was soon overthrown and murdered in a coup in july of the same year. The involvement of the military in african politics has most often been compelled by the lack of good governance, corruption, the suppression of opposition and to an extent the lack of a free and pluralistic press.
The merits and demerits that lie within the military system and civilian system. A nation state is a state whose primary loyalty is to a cultural selfidentity, which we call a nation or nationality, and is now the predominant form of state organisation. There have been a large number of successful and failed military coups in nigeria since the countrys independence from the british empire in 1960. Military government, the administration of occupied territory by an occupying. Nigeriashortcomings of military rule south african history online. During the military rule, from 1966 until 1999, nigerias economy was ruined, nigerian civil service which was the best in.
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